The New Era of Pulmonary Hypertension: The Dawn of Disease Modification & Therapeutic Modalities

Authors

• Noyan Ramazani, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
• Lacey Barnes, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
• Alex Wong, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
• Divyansh Sharma, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
• Aditi Singh, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
• KaChon Lei, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-22-2026

Publication Title

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease

Volume

13

Issue

5

First page number:

1

Last page number:

43

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) can be defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) greater than 20 mm Hg at rest during right heart catheterization (RHC). The reported prevalence of PH throughout the globe has been estimated to impact approximately 1% of the total population, with a majority of those afflicted being women more than men. Numerous etiologies give rise to the pathophysiology of PH, including heart disease (i.e., left-sided heart failure), lung diseases, and other unclear causes related to chronic stages and complications surrounding long-standing pulmonary thromboembolisms, side effects of certain medications, and genetic and environmental factors. Untreated PH can lead to severe morbidities such as cardio-renal syndrome and congestive hepatopathy (cardiac cirrhosis). Management of PH focuses on decreasing pulmonary pressures by using vasodilators such as prostanoids, and phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors, as well as newer treatments such as sotatercept, which inhibits activin signaling, thereby inhibiting excessive cell growth in the pulmonary artery vasculature and down-regulating the pro-proliferative pathways.

Keywords

pulmonary hypertension; pulmonary arterial hypertension; interstitial lung disease; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; right ventricular systolic pressure; heart failure; sudden cardiac arrest; arrhythmias; chronic thromboembolism; phosphodiesterase inhibitors; sotatercept

Disciplines

Cardiovascular System | Respiratory System

File Format

PDF

File Size

3800 KB

Language

English

Rights

IN COPYRIGHT. For more information about this rights statement, please visit http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Repository Citation

Ramazani, N., Barnes, L., Wong, A., Sharma, D., Singh, A., Lei, K. (2026). The New Era of Pulmonary Hypertension: The Dawn of Disease Modification & Therapeutic Modalities. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 13(5), 1-43.
Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd13050174